What is Eczema?
A chronic inflammatory skin condition that leads to itchiness, rashes, and dryness. It is a form of dermatitis that causes the skin to become red, irritated, and prone to infection.
What are the Common Symptoms of Eczema?
- Itchy skin
- Dry, sensitive skin
- Inflamed or discolored patches
- Scaly or rough patches
- Oozing or crusting
- Swelling
What Causes Eczema?
The exact cause is not known but genetics may increase the risk, especially if your family has eczema, asthma, or allergies.
Other possible causes include:
- Environmental factors
- An overactive immune system
- Stress, dry skin, and hormonal changes
- Exposure to allergens
Is Eczema Contagious?
No, eczema is not contagious. It cannot be passed from one person to another through contact.2
How Is Eczema Diagnosed?
Diagnosis is made through a physical examination by your doctor. They will assess the skin's appearance, ask about symptoms, and may inquire about family history. In some cases, allergy testing, or a skin biopsy may be needed to confirm the diagnosis.
What are the Treatment Options for Eczema?
There is no cure for eczema, but treatment focuses on managing symptoms and preventing flare-ups.
Common treatments include:
Medications: Topical steroid creams, oral antibiotics, and antihistamines to reduce inflammation and itching.
Moisturizers: Keeping the skin well-moisturized is essential for managing dryness and irritation.
Phototherapy: Light therapy can help in severe cases by reducing inflammation.
Lifestyle changes: Avoiding known triggers, stress management, and adopting a consistent skincare routine are key components of treatment.
How Can Eczema Flare-ups Be Prevented?
Preventing eczema flare-ups involves avoiding known triggers such as harsh soaps, certain fabrics, and allergens. Moisturizing regularly, managing stress, and using mild skincare products can also help reduce flare-ups.
When Should I Seek Medical Care for Eczema?
If you notice signs of infection, such as fever, oozing blisters, or worsening symptoms despite treatment, it is important to contact your doctor. Additionally, if your symptoms change or treatments are not effective, a visit to the doctor is necessary for further evaluation.
What Is the Prognosis for Eczema?
While eczema can be a lifelong condition, many people learn to manage their symptoms with proper care and treatment. Children may outgrow eczema, but some individuals will continue to experience flare-ups throughout their life. Staying consistent with treatment and lifestyle changes can improve the quality of life for those living with eczema.
Eczema is a common but manageable condition. With the right treatment and lifestyle adjustments, flare-ups can be reduced, and patients can lead a comfortable life.
